What are the two main requirements for funding by terrorist organizations?

The correct answer highlights that funding for terrorist organizations primarily supports their operations and organizational expenses. Operations refer to the actual activities and actions carried out by these organizations, which can include attacks, recruitment, and training. Organizational expenses encompass the broader costs that keep these groups functional, such as personnel salaries, propaganda production, logistical support, and other infrastructure needs.

Understanding this funding dynamic is crucial because it reveals the ways in which terrorist organizations sustain themselves and continue their activities. This emphasizes the importance of disrupting both the operational aspects and the financial channels of these groups to inhibit their capacity for planning and executing attacks.

The other options, while related to aspects of a terrorist organization's functionality, do not encapsulate the primary units of their funding as effectively as operations and organizational expenses do. For example, intelligence and surveillance or planning and execution describe processes rather than the critical financial needs that sustain those processes.